Strategy-proof Location on a Network

We consider rules that choose a location on a graph (e.g. a road network) based on agents' single-peaked preferences. First, we characterize the class of strategy-proof, onto rules when the graph is a tree. Such a rule is based on a collection of generalized median voter rules (Moulin, 1980) satisfying a consistency condition. Second, we characterize such rules for graphs containing cycles. We show that while such a rule is not necessarily dictatorial, the existence of a cycle grants some agent an amount of decisive power, unlike the case of trees. Rules for this case can be described in terms of a subclass of such rules for trees. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, D78.     

对2004年列车运行图的分析与探讨

2004 年列车运行图按照铁道部实施第五次大面积提速调图的要求，坚持内涵扩大再生产，以提速调图带动运输生产力布局调整，优化资源配置，提高运输能力。在分析新列车运行图主要创新点的基础上，提出对运输组织中出现的新问题，应在执行新运行图时引起重视和采取必要的措施。     

Component efficient solutions in line-graph games with applications

Recently, applications of cooperative game theory to economic allocation problems have gained popularity. We investigate a class of cooperative games that generalizes some economic applications with a similar structure. These are the so-called line-graph games being cooperative TU-games in which the players are linearly ordered. Examples of situations that can be modeled like this are sequencing situations and water distribution problems. We define four properties with respect to deleting edges that each selects a unique component efficient solution on the class of line-graph games. We interpret these solutions and properties in terms of dividend distributions, and apply them to economic situations. This research has been done while the third author was visiting Tinbergen Institute at the Free University, Amsterdam. The research is part of the Research Programme “Strategic and Cooperative Decision Making” at the Department of Econometrics. Financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) in the framework of the Russian-Dutch programme for scientific cooperation, is gratefully acknowledged. The third author also appreciates partial financial support from the Russian Leading Scientific Schools Fund (grant 80.2003.6) and Russian Humanitarian Scientific Fund (grant 02-02-00189a). We thank three anonymous referees for their valuable comments.     

我国农产品物流网络分析与重构

本文对我国现阶段农产品物流网络结构进行系统分析,从物流场所出发,用系统模型描述了系统的状态,构建了我国现阶段的物流系统有向图,以此为工具,估算了有向图的流量及损失,分析了农产品物流损耗的影响因素。在此基础上,充分考虑农产品物流面对的各种环境,重新构建了包括逆向物流在内的降低农产品物流损耗的物流系统有向图,为提升我国农产品物流系统功能提出建议。     

基于自动补货技术开发的便利店门店库存管理模型

本文针对当前我国便利店门店存在库存管理不合理的问题．运用了经典预测技术和数据分析知识，引用了SPSS数据分析软件的P—P概率图．结合当前最新发展的库存管理思想。为门店开发了支持自动补货系统的上下限库存管理模型．从而完善了门店的库存管理系统。     

一种任意无向图的R边连通扩充算法

本文提出了一个最小地扩充任意无向连通图为 R 边连通图的有效算法RMA。该算法采用了“先满足必要条件,再满足充要条件”的指导思想。对于一个任意无向连通图,首先将图中各点扩充到它所要求的最小度,然后检查它是否满足充要条件,如果不满足,则将该图分解,再根据最优程则,增加扩充边。将图合并,最后进行可行删除,解雇增广点,得到一个最小 R 边连通图。     

Negotiation support using the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution

The Graph Model for Conflict Resolution is a flexible methodology for systematically studying strategic conflicts in the real world, and is therefore a natural tool for negotiation support. The basic definitions underlying the graph model are reviewed, and the techniques for analysis and interpretation are discussed. The modeling and analysis of a case study, an international trade negotiation concerning the export of Canadian softwood lumber to the United States, are used to demonstrate the practical application of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution as a negotiation support tool. The modeling and analysis is carried out using the GMCR software system. The ability of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution to provide insights and advice to negotiators is emphasized.     

Structure and Location of Innovative Activity in the Italian Economy, 1981–85

An ‘innovative activity matrix’ is established from a recent ISTAT/CNR survey of innovation. After specifying the particularities of an innovative activity matrix in comparison with other flow matrices, we show that it is asymmetrical and clustered in parts of economic space. The structure of the innovative activity matrix is similar to that of the domestic and import requirement but not the capital flow matrix. Strong correlations indicate the following: that input–output analysis is useful for identifying the location of innovative activities in economic space; that it can be analyzed in an economically meaningful way; that its location is structured; and that, furthermore, it is structured in ways which are statistically related to economic activity. The paper ends with suggestions for the examination of possible causal relationships.     

Construction of D-optimal s 1 × s 2 × s 3 factorial designs using graph theory

In this paper, the maximum determinant of the associated 0-1 matrix in D-Optimal saturated main effect plans for 3× s_2 × s_3 factorials, is derived by the use of Graph theory and Combinatorics. The present work is related to a problem suggested by Chatterjee and Narasimhan (2002). Using the theoretical results, we also give the designs for s₃≥s₂ + 1. This research was supported by the State Scholarships Foundation of Greece.     

Sustainability and Accounting Education

Given the growing debate concerning the use of alternative presentation formats in corporate financial reporting, Volmer's recent paper in this journal is to be welcomed (June, 1992). Volmer conducts an experiment which compares students' perceptions of graphical and numerical presentations of financial information. From this he concludes that (i) graphical presentations improve the communication of financial information, and (ii) the integration of accounting research and teaching constitutes an effective alternative teaching method. We agree with the general message of Volmer's paper, and hope that subsequent studies will build on his exploratory work. This comment suggests a number of areas for future developments. These concern the literature base, experimental design, corporate practice and educational implications.